Near

Near
Near
 
[dt. »nahe bei«], ein logischer Operator, der v. a. von Suchmaschinen benutzt wird und den man als eine Verschärfung des Operators And auffassen kann. Er gibt also z. B. bei der Suche nach mehreren Begriffen in einem Dokument nur dann den Wert »wahr« (bzw. 1) zurück, wenn alle Begriffe enthalten sind und sie außerdem nahe beieinander stehen. In allen anderen Fällen wird der Wert »falsch« (bzw. 0) zurückgegeben. (Was genau »nahe beieinander« bedeutet, wie viele Wörter also zwischen den Suchbegriffen stehen dürfen, hängt von der verwendeten Software oder von den eingestellten Parametern ab).
 
Der Near-Operator ermöglicht es, die Trefferanzeige auf Dokumente zu beschränken, in denen die Suchbegriffe in einem Kontext zusammen vorkommen; auf diese Weise lässt sich die Treffsicherheit der Suche erhöhen.

Universal-Lexikon. 2012.

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  • near — near, nearly Near has almost fallen out of use as an adverb meaning ‘almost’, and nearly serves this purpose: He was nearly dead with fright. Exceptions include near complete and near perfect: • Gunnell, captain of the British women s team,… …   Modern English usage

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  • Near — Near, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Neared}; p. pr. & vb. n {Nearing}.] [See {Near}, adv.] To approach; to come nearer; as, the ship neared the land. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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